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Contents • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • History [ ] Initial development [ ] In 1983, Research Armament Industries (RAI) in the United States began development of a new, long-range sniper cartridge capable of firing a 16.2-gram (250 gr), 0.338-inch (8.6 mm) diameter bullet at 914 metres per second (3,000 ft/s) that could lethally penetrate five layers of military body armour at 1,000 m (1,094 yd). After preliminary experiments, a case necked down to take a 0.338-inch (8.6 mm).

It was selected since this diameter presents an optimum of and for practical spin-stabilized rifle bullets (bullets up to about 5 to 5.5 calibers in length). The.416 Rigby is an English big game cartridge that was designed to accommodate 325 MPa (47,137 psi) pressures. One of the disadvantages of these old cartridge cases, which were intended for firing charges instead of modern, is the thickness of the sidewall just forward of the web. During ignition, the cartridge's base, just forward of the bolt face, is not supported. During the process RAI employed Brass Extrusion Labs Ltd.

(BELL) of Bensenville, Illinois, to make the.338/416 or 8.58×71mm cartridge cases, produced bullets, and RAI built a sniper rifle under contract for the U.S. RAI found that the BELL cases did not fulfill the requirements.

Pressed by military deadlines RAI looked for another case producer and contacted Lapua of Finland in 1984. RAI was forced to drop out of the program due to financial difficulties. Subsequently, Lapua of Finland put this cartridge into limited production. The.338/416 rifle program was later canceled when the contractors were unable to make the cartridge meet the project's velocity target of 914 m/s (3,000 ft/s) for a 16.2 g (250 gr) bullet, due to excessive pressures rupturing cartridge cases.

Final development [ ] The current.338 Lapua Magnum cartridge was developed as a joint venture between the Finnish rifle manufacturer and the British rifle manufacturer along with the Finnish ammunition manufacturer Lapua, or more officially Nammo Lapua Oy, which since 1998 is part of the. Lapua opted to redesign the.338/416 cartridge. In the new case design, particular attention was directed toward thickening and metallurgically strengthening the case's web and sidewall immediately forward of the web. In modern solid head cases, the hardness of the brass is the major factor that determines a case's pressure limit before undergoing. Lapua tackled this problem by creating a hardness distribution ranging from the head and web (hard) to the mouth (soft) as well as a strengthened (thicker) case web and sidewall immediately forward of the web. This resulted in a very pressure resistant case, allowing it to operate at high pressure and come within 15 m/s (50 ft/s) of the original velocity goal.

Lapua also designed a 16.2-gram (250 gr).338 calibre Lock Base B408, modeled after its.30 calibre Lock Base bullet configuration. The result was the.338 Lapua Magnum cartridge which was registered with () in 1989. With the procurement by the, the cartridge became NATO codified. The.338 Lapua Magnum fills the gap between weapons chambered for standard military rounds such as the and large, weighty rifles firing the cartridge.

It also offers a tolerable amount of barrel wear, which is important to military snipers who tend to fire thousands of rounds a year in practice. This was achived by coupling a sensible case volume (7.40 ml) to bore area (56.86 mm 2/0.5686 cm 2) (13.01 O ratio) with ample space for loading relatively long slender projectiles that can provide good aerodynamic efficiency and external ballistic performance for the projectile diameter. Like every other comparable big magnum rifle cartridge the.338 Lapua Magnum presents a stout. An appropriate fitting and an effective will help to reduce recoil induced problems, enabling the operator to fire more rounds before getting too uncomfortable to shoot accurately. Good factory loads, multiple projectile weights and factory special application ammunition are all available.

Due to its growing civilian popularity, several high quality tactical and match (semi) custom designed for the.338 Lapua Magnum are becoming available. These (semi) custom bolt actions are used with other high grade rifle and sighting components to build custom sporting and target rifles. Law enforcement and military users [ ]. From left to right: cross sectioned and normal.338 Yogi cartridge cases compared to a factory.338 Lapua Magnum case.